This question primarily depends on where you are in your career. A person with
5 years of experience will have different short term goals than a person with
no work experience. I'll give an example for both scenarios. But first, here
are some short answers.
The first example is a person straight out of school. Learning is a good short
term goal to have because it shows that you will be trying hard in your job.
The second example is more detailed because that person has several years of
experience. Anybody can say they want a management position, but this candidate
is taking it a step further by showing the steps he is taking to achieve the
short term goal. Thus, it becomes a stronger answer.